Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Activator

M903 is a new type of mineral oil-based adjuvant, which belongs to water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) emulsion. It can enhance both cellular and humoral immunity against non-specific antigens, stimulate specific immunity against the antigens, delay the release of the antigens in the body, and improve the immunity of animals. It is applicable to various veterinary vaccines, including inactivated vaccines and genetically engineered subunit vaccines, such as pig vaccines for foot-and-mouth disease and blue ear disease.

Lard oil is an orally active biochemical reagent. Lard oil upregulates PERK, eIF2a, CHOP, OPN, TLR2, TLR4, TNF-α, and downregulates GRP78 and IRE1a. Lard oil induces responses such as body fat accumulation, elevated serum insulin levels, increased HOMA-IR, hepatic ectopic lipid deposition, hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress, and hepatic inflammation. Lard oil can be used in studies related to diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

8-Mercaptoguanosine (Standard) is the analytical standard of 8-Mercaptoguanosine (HY-111782). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 8-Mercaptoguanosine is an immunoadjuvant that affects the in vivo antibody response to the T-cell-independent antigen TNP-Ficoll. 8-Mercaptoguanosine enhances IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 antibody responses, but has no effect on IgM antibody responses. 8-Mercaptoguanosine also enhances antibody responses to very weak antigens such as pneumococcal polysaccharide and restores antibody responses in immunodeficient xid mice that are non-reactive to TNP-Ficoll.

Poly(C) (Polycytidylic acid) is a pleiotropic immunostimulant that specifically binds to TLR3, RIG-I and MDA5 receptors. Poly (C) recruits adaptor proteins to activate downstream signaling pathways and induce the production of type I interferons and inflammatory cytokines. Poly (C) triggers cancer cell apoptosis via the intrinsic or extrinsic caspase pathway, thereby exerting inhibitory effects on tumor growth and metastasis. Poly (C) acts as a vaccine adjuvant to modify the tumor microenvironment, regulate the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules and induce virus-like immune responses. Poly (C) can be applied to research related to melanoma, various solid tumors, hematological malignancies and autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Creatine ethyl ester (CEE) is a readily available form of creatine used in supplements. Creatine ethyl ester (CEE) upregulates TLRs (TLR2, 3, 4 and TLR7) over the short-term.